步行登德罗斯(Dendros)仍然是礁石爱好的新手,直到2009年才被引入。花生蠕虫,),躲在里面生活。珊瑚幼虫settle on a snail shell with the worm already underneath it. The coral skeleton grows and envelops the shell over time and the worm with it, but the worm excavates a hole in the underside of the coral with which it can extend out to feed, but also move the coral polyp at a reasonable speed to find food once it smells it, hence the walking. They can be kept in aquaria and are occasionally offered for sale. They make good talking points as much as anything.
然后,在Instagram上的水下摄影师Iwashiiwashi拍摄了看起来像杂虫的耳蜗,只有在花生蠕虫的孔内有一个过滤器喂养寄居蟹。该螃蟹在2017年的新杂志Plos One中是更新的,仅在2017年被Momoko Igawa和Makoto Kato描述。我们当时覆盖了新螃蟹但是很高兴看到新鲜的图片。
“Symbiont shift is rare in obligate mutualisms because both the partners are reciprocally dependent on and specialized to each other,” the authors state in the paper’s abstract. “In the obligate accommodation–transportation mutualism between walking corals and sipunculans, however, an unusual saltatory symbiont shift was discovered. In shallow waters of southern Japan, an undescribed hermit crab species was found living in corallums of solitary scleractinian corals of the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia, replacing the usual sipunculan symbiont.”
“我们将寄居蟹描述为新物种Diogenes杂虫(Decapoda,Anomura,diogenidae),并探索了其与步行珊瑚的关联。这种寄居蟹物种有义务居住在珊瑚的盘绕腔中,并通过极其细长的螯虾和卧床腿和对称的泰尔森很容易与其他同类物种区分开。水族馆中对行为的观察表明,新的寄居蟹,例如sipunculan,携带宿主珊瑚,防止珊瑚被埋葬。这是一个有趣的案例,其中有机体从sipuncula距离sipuncula接管了与步行珊瑚相关的共生作用。寄居蟹物种的独特之处在于,其住宿是一种活着的孤独珊瑚,随着住宿 - 传播互助主义而与寄居蟹一起生长。”
寄居蟹也居住在其他无脊椎动物中。Staghorn鹿角隐士螃蟹居住在氢碳酸盐Janaria mirabilis和Paguritta spp中。螃蟹占据了孔罗斯珊瑚中的圣诞树蠕虫管。尚不清楚花生蠕虫是否死亡或撤离其异质症宿主。我们看到我们的“礁石安全”,寄居蟹杀死,进食和居住在坦克中的蜗牛,尽管Diogenes杂质杂质看起来更刺眼,更精致。无论哪种方式,我们都不会疲倦f海洋世界中的共同主义。