盐水水族馆的氮循环
不,我们并不是说将您的坦克绑在骑自行车上并带上旋转!骑自行车的盐水水族馆是一个关键的过程,所有水族馆都必须在准备好被鱼类和珊瑚填充之前忍受。
那你问什么?该术语指的是氮循环,该过程有益细菌开始在您的水族馆中构建有害氨(NH)3), into nitrite (NO2)然后硝酸盐(否3).
当您第一次建立一个打屁股的新水族馆品牌时,您的水族箱和设备将吱吱作响。准备告别这种新的水族馆气味,因为事情会变得肮脏,但是请相信我们,肮脏是一件好事。
骑自行车的水族馆可能需要2-6周的时间,具体取决于您的设置,以及您在此过程中的积极主动性。Patience is a virtue in the aquarium hobby, and if you’re already groaning at the possibility of an empty glass box in your living room for a month, well, you might want to reconsider your decision to get an aquarium, because, in this hobby, good things come to those who wait.
Get Started With Live Rock
要开始骑自行车过程,您需要用岩石播种水箱,或者已经包含成熟细菌种群的过滤培养基。最好的方法是用一块巨大的活岩或一袋陶瓷过滤器培养基,该陶瓷过滤器介质至少在成熟的水箱中闲逛至少六个月。您可以从当地的鱼类商店或拥有已建立坦克的朋友那里获得活岩,只需在岩石上生长的任何害虫或过多的藻类。
Examine the undisturbed rock in the water for any pests before transferring it to your tank. You can use a soft bristle brush to scrub off any algae, but be careful there are no zoanthids or palythoa polyps hiding on the rock.Scrubbing a rock with these polyps can be deadly to your health。
一旦您的坦克开始运行,您添加了一些成熟的肝素,这条岩石上的细菌将需要氨的来源,因此他们可以开始工作并定居您的水箱。鱼类垃圾和腐烂的有机材料(如鱼类食品)是氨的常见来源,尽管不建议在您的周期完成之前开始添加鱼。鱼可以迅速产生比新储罐能处理的更多的氨,突然的氨尖峰可能会给您的动物带来灾难。
Instead let your tank run with a live rock for a week or more and then add in a couple invertebrates, like hermit crabs, crabs, and shrimp. This bunch of critters is also called the clean up crew. Feed your invertebrates a very small pinch of food each day and the waste they produce will create ammonia.
测试测试测试
在周期过程中,您几乎每天都想开始测试氨,亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐。这将有助于您了解周期是否正在进行,并且何时可以安全地开始添加牲畜。
After a week or ten days, you should see a spike in ammonia concentration, jumping from zero to a higher number. This is followed by a spike in nitrite, follow by a spike in nitrate. After your nitrate goes up, your nitrite and ammonia level should fall back down to zero. Once you have observed this change in water chemistry your Nitrogen cycle is complete.
怎么了
该周期始于氨,但目的是建立一个硝化细菌的菌落,该核细菌将亚硝酸盐加工成较小的硝酸盐。
它的工作方式是硝基瘤细菌开始将氨转化为亚硝酸盐。然后,硝化细菌将有害亚硝酸盐食用成较小的硝酸盐。
Nitrate levels should be in trace amounts in the aquarium, and a safe range for a reef tank is below 5ppm. If you have a fish only reef tank you can have your levels higher up to 40ppm, however, it is always recommended to have level lower than 5ppm. That being said, certain soft corals and especially giant clams appreciate a little extra nitrate in the water, and there are plenty of successful reef tanks, even SPS dominated, which succeed in water with nitrate concentrations upwards of 50ppm.
一旦硝化细菌生长,他们需要氧气和食物才能生存和壮成长,这就是为什么它们被称为“有氧”细菌,并且在湿干的过滤器中特别好。硝化细菌将开始在水箱的所有表面上生长,包括墙壁和岩石。当您测试水并开始看到硝酸盐水平爬升时,您知道硝酸杆菌正在完成工作。
During the cycling process, you need to go through all three steps, ammonia spike, nitrite spike, and nitrate accumulation. If for some reason you decide to clean your tank or do a water change after seeing a spike in ammonia, you’re going straight back to square one and will have to start the process all other again.
To monitor your ammonia level, you can purchase ammonia alert tags by Seachem which stick to the inside of your aquarium glass. This will give you a quick and easy way to monitor ammonia levels.
The older your tank gets the more nitrobracter bacteria are maturing, reproducing and colonizing your aquarium, esentially speeding up the cycling process. However, just because you’ve completed the cycle dosn’t mean these processes arn’t still continuing. Every time you add a new fish, or have food left over to rot in the tank ammonia levels start to rise.
一旦您的周期完整,您会看到硝酸盐水平上升,氨和硝酸盐水平下降,您就可以安全地添加第一个可恶的朋友。但是,请记住我一开始就说耐心的话……您总是想放慢脚步,一次添加鱼并让您的水箱调整。
从右开始您的水箱 - 生物消化
现在,我们已经驾驶了轻松,缓慢和稳定的重点,我们想让您秘密。氮循环是开始所有盐水水族馆的必要步骤,水族馆制造商希望使这一过程尽快无痛。
There are a few products on the market which help kick-start your biological cycle with a dose of nitrifying bacteria. One of our favorites isProdibio的生物消化,这是实验室生长的细菌的小瓶,可以开始生物周期。
BioDigest is a concentrated bacteria for all steps of the process. Each vial lasts about 15 days in the aquarium and if you are looking to speed up the process you can add a new vial every 15 days, instead of trying to increase the dose with two vials from the get go.
一剂硝化细菌
Another product to start you bacteria cycle is弗里茨Zyme 9which contain a balance of live nitrifying bacteria to seed your tank. This product can be added to new tanks or for a boost of bacteria to established systems, especially after large water changes.
而且,如果您真的需要赶紧坦克,弗里茨还提供弗里茨Zyme TurboStart 900。This could come in handy if you are setting up a quarantine tank, or for frag, vendors setting up tanks for the weekend.
Get Cycling
Whatever method you use for cycling you aquarium the important part is to understand why you cycle in the first place. Cycling you tank ensures good bacteria builds up, and is able to consume ammonia before it gets out of hand.
即使小剂量,氨和亚硝酸盐都可能致命钓鱼,因此,如果无人看管的话,控制也是必不可少的。如果您刚刚开始,我们建议使用缓慢而稳定的方法。这使您有时间学习如何测试和跟踪水质,并在添加牲畜之前确保水箱运行顺利。
如果您对骑自行车的新水族馆有疑问,请将其留在下面的评论中。